Wednesday, January 10, 2007

Kearney Lake - Paper Mill Lake watershed


The Kearney Lake – Paper Mill Run system is controlled by two dams, and two large culverts on the Kearney Lake Road. The dam, was on what was originally Salmon River, or Nine Mile River, and formed Papermill Lake. It was built between 1813 and 1819 to supply power to the Acadian paper Mill in what is now the middle of Paper Mill Lake. In the late 1920's Moirs built a series of dams from Quarry to Paper Mill Lakes to supply their factory at Bedford.

Effects of dams
Dams can result in an increase in water temperature in the upstream side of the dam in the summer and a decrease in the oxygen levels.

Downstream there can be an increase in the oxygen levels due to the water spilling over the dam. Often the stream downstream of a dam will become overwidened and straightened and the watercourse can become rather poorly defined as a result.

Perhaps the most obvious impact from a dam is that it can be a barrier to fish passage without a fishway around the obstruction.

Effects of culverts
Culverts that are of the proper size and are installed properly do not usually pose serious problems for fish passage. The culverts under the Kearney Lake (see photo) road are of the proper size and installed properly.

Undersized culverts can increase the water flow and impede upstream fish passage. They can lead to an increase in water temperature in small lakes in the summer and a decrease in oxygen levels. Improperly installed culverts (seephoto of hanging culvert) can cause erosion and scouring at the site of installation and downstream.

Water quality
Over the years the local citizens have expressed their concern over the water quality of this watershed and Paper Mill Lake in particular. Numerous newspaper articles have been written.